Construction Cost Database

Hard construction cost benchmarks ($/sq ft) for 60 Canadian cities, by dwelling type. 2024 estimates based on BCPI-adjusted industry data. Excludes land, development charges, and soft costs.

TorontoON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
MississaugaON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
BramptonON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
MarkhamON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
VaughanON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
Richmond HillON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
OakvilleON
$280
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$230
TH
$205
Apt 2+
$280
Studio
$280
MiltonON
$283
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$232
TH
$207
Apt 2+
$283
Studio
$283
BurlingtonON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
AjaxON
$262
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$218
TH
$193
Apt 2+
$262
Studio
$262
PickeringON
$262
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$218
TH
$193
Apt 2+
$262
Studio
$262
WhitbyON
$258
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$215
TH
$190
Apt 2+
$258
Studio
$258
OshawaON
$254
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$210
TH
$186
Apt 2+
$254
Studio
$254
NewmarketON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
AuroraON
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$225
TH
$200
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
HamiltonON
$253
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$182
Apt 2+
$253
Studio
$253
OttawaON
$265
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$215
TH
$190
Apt 2+
$265
Studio
$265
LondonON
$252
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$203
TH
$180
Apt 2+
$252
Studio
$252
KitchenerON
$258
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$210
TH
$186
Apt 2+
$258
Studio
$258
WaterlooON
$258
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$210
TH
$186
Apt 2+
$258
Studio
$258
CambridgeON
$255
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$207
TH
$183
Apt 2+
$255
Studio
$255
GuelphON
$258
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$210
TH
$185
Apt 2+
$258
Studio
$258
BarrieON
$252
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$182
Apt 2+
$252
Studio
$252
WindsorON
$235
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$190
TH
$168
Apt 2+
$235
Studio
$235
KingstonON
$254
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$182
Apt 2+
$254
Studio
$254
St. CatharinesON
$246
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$198
TH
$176
Apt 2+
$246
Studio
$246
Niagara FallsON
$243
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$195
TH
$173
Apt 2+
$243
Studio
$243
PeterboroughON
$248
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$200
TH
$177
Apt 2+
$248
Studio
$248
Greater SudburyON
$228
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$185
TH
$164
Apt 2+
$228
Studio
$228
VancouverBC
$420
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$380
TH
$330
Apt 2+
$420
Studio
$420
BurnabyBC
$395
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$355
TH
$310
Apt 2+
$395
Studio
$395
North VancouverBC
$405
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$362
TH
$316
Apt 2+
$405
Studio
$405
SurreyBC
$388
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$348
TH
$303
Apt 2+
$388
Studio
$388
RichmondBC
$385
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$345
TH
$300
Apt 2+
$385
Studio
$385
CoquitlamBC
$380
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$340
TH
$296
Apt 2+
$380
Studio
$380
Langley (Township)BC
$372
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$332
TH
$290
Apt 2+
$372
Studio
$372
VictoriaBC
$358
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$320
TH
$278
Apt 2+
$358
Studio
$358
SaanichBC
$350
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$312
TH
$272
Apt 2+
$350
Studio
$350
AbbotsfordBC
$340
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$298
TH
$262
Apt 2+
$340
Studio
$340
KelownaBC
$318
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$283
TH
$248
Apt 2+
$318
Studio
$318
CalgaryAB
$295
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$250
TH
$220
Apt 2+
$295
Studio
$295
EdmontonAB
$275
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$235
TH
$207
Apt 2+
$275
Studio
$275
SaskatoonSK
$240
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$182
Apt 2+
$240
Studio
$240
ReginaSK
$240
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$182
Apt 2+
$240
Studio
$240
WinnipegMB
$245
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$210
TH
$185
Apt 2+
$245
Studio
$245
MontréalQC
$290
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$235
TH
$210
Apt 2+
$290
Studio
$290
LavalQC
$270
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$220
TH
$195
Apt 2+
$270
Studio
$270
GatineauQC
$260
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$210
TH
$185
Apt 2+
$260
Studio
$260
Québec CityQC
$265
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$215
TH
$190
Apt 2+
$265
Studio
$265
Halifax (HRM)NS
$235
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$182
Apt 2+
$235
Studio
$235
DartmouthNS
$235
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$182
Apt 2+
$235
Studio
$235
MonctonNB
$228
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$195
TH
$173
Apt 2+
$228
Studio
$228
DieppeNB
$232
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$198
TH
$175
Apt 2+
$232
Studio
$232
FrederictonNB
$225
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$192
TH
$170
Apt 2+
$225
Studio
$225
Saint JohnNB
$222
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$190
TH
$168
Apt 2+
$222
Studio
$222
St. John'sNL
$238
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$205
TH
$180
Apt 2+
$238
Studio
$238
Mount PearlNL
$235
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$203
TH
$178
Apt 2+
$235
Studio
$235
Corner BrookNL
$220
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$190
TH
$168
Apt 2+
$220
Studio
$220
CharlottetownPE
$238
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$198
TH
$175
Apt 2+
$238
Studio
$238
SummersidePE
$232
/ sq ft — Apt (2+ Bed)
Single
$195
TH
$172
Apt 2+
$232
Studio
$232
Full Cost Comparison Table
City ↕Prov. ↕Single/Semi ↕Townhouse ↕Apt 2+Bed ↑Studio/1-Bed ↕
Corner BrookNL$190$168$220$220
Saint JohnNB$190$168$222$222
FrederictonNB$192$170$225$225
Greater SudburyON$185$164$228$228
MonctonNB$195$173$228$228
DieppeNB$198$175$232$232
SummersidePE$195$172$232$232
WindsorON$190$168$235$235
Halifax (HRM)NS$205$182$235$235
DartmouthNS$205$182$235$235
Mount PearlNL$203$178$235$235
St. John'sNL$205$180$238$238
CharlottetownPE$198$175$238$238
SaskatoonSK$205$182$240$240
ReginaSK$205$182$240$240
Niagara FallsON$195$173$243$243
WinnipegMB$210$185$245$245
St. CatharinesON$198$176$246$246
PeterboroughON$200$177$248$248
LondonON$203$180$252$252
BarrieON$205$182$252$252
HamiltonON$205$182$253$253
OshawaON$210$186$254$254
KingstonON$205$182$254$254
CambridgeON$207$183$255$255
WhitbyON$215$190$258$258
KitchenerON$210$186$258$258
WaterlooON$210$186$258$258
GuelphON$210$185$258$258
GatineauQC$210$185$260$260
AjaxON$218$193$262$262
PickeringON$218$193$262$262
OttawaON$215$190$265$265
Québec CityQC$215$190$265$265
LavalQC$220$195$270$270
TorontoON$225$200$275$275
MississaugaON$225$200$275$275
BramptonON$225$200$275$275
MarkhamON$225$200$275$275
VaughanON$225$200$275$275
Richmond HillON$225$200$275$275
BurlingtonON$225$200$275$275
NewmarketON$225$200$275$275
AuroraON$225$200$275$275
EdmontonAB$235$207$275$275
OakvilleON$230$205$280$280
MiltonON$232$207$283$283
MontréalQC$235$210$290$290
CalgaryAB$250$220$295$295
KelownaBC$283$248$318$318
AbbotsfordBC$298$262$340$340
SaanichBC$312$272$350$350
VictoriaBC$320$278$358$358
Langley (Township)BC$332$290$372$372
CoquitlamBC$340$296$380$380
RichmondBC$345$300$385$385
SurreyBC$348$303$388$388
BurnabyBC$355$310$395$395
North VancouverBC$362$316$405$405
VancouverBC$380$330$420$420
Hard Cost Breakdown by Category

Typical allocation of hard construction cost by trade category. Percentages are industry benchmarks — actual splits vary by project spec, contractor, and local market conditions.

Structure & Envelope
44%$115/sqft
Mechanical (HVAC/Plumbing)
22%$58/sqft
Electrical
15%$39/sqft
Interior Finishes
15%$39/sqft
Site Work & Grading
4%$10/sqft

Dollar amounts based on national median $/sqft for this building type. High-rise concrete construction shifts more cost to structure (50–55%) and less to finishes.

Soft Costs Reference

Soft costs are project expenses beyond hard construction — typically 22–39% of hard costs depending on project complexity and asset class. These are in addition to development charges.

Architecture & Engineering8–12%
Municipal Permits & Fees2–4%
Legal & Survey1–2%
Construction Management3–5%
Contingency5–10%
Marketing & Sales (for-sale)3–6%
Total Soft Costs (typical range)22–39%

Note: Development charges (DC) are separate from both hard and soft costs. Use the DC Explorer to look up levies for your municipality. DC Explorer →

Construction Cost Escalation (BCPI — National)

Year-over-year change in the Building Construction Price Index (BCPI) — national composite. The 2021–2022 spike added 30%+ to costs in many markets; costs are now normalizing but remain elevated vs. pre-COVID.

2019 → 2020
+3.5%
2020 → 2021
+13.2%
2021 → 2022
+17.1%
2022 → 2023
+7.4%
2023 → 2024
+4.1%

Source: Statistics Canada BCPI (vectors 2062815–2062824). Explore full city-level BCPI data →

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Hard construction costs are 2024 benchmarks based on BCPI-adjusted data from RSMeans, Altus Group, and Rider Levett Bucknall. Costs reflect mid-range specifications; luxury finishes, high-rise concrete structure, and complex sites will increase costs significantly. BC costs include seismic and Step Code premiums. Quebec costs reflect FTQ-Construction labour agreements. All figures in Canadian dollars. LandVault is not responsible for project decisions made using this data — engage a qualified quantity surveyor or cost consultant for project-level estimates.